In collaboration with the University of the Basque Country, we are developing a field assay on (i) the long-term impact of the application of sewage sludge on soil health, and (ii) the remediation of such soil by a combination of phytoremediation (with alfalfa and Brassica), bioremediation (via bioaugmentation) and vermiremediation (with Eisenia fetida). In addition, we will study the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in this sewage-contaminated site.